度量人口老龄化的新指标

New Indicators for Measuring Population Aging

度量人口老龄化程度的指标通常是该地区65岁及以上的老年人口占该地区人口总量的比重,简称老年人口比。然而,这个指标并不能反映老年人口群体内部的年龄分布等更深层次的信息,比如老年人口究竟“老”到什么程度?这些深层次的信息往往对研究和应对人口老龄化问题会有更大的帮助。为此,文章应用年龄加权的方法,引入人口老龄化深度的概念,给出度量人口老龄化的新指标,并依据我国人口普查及统计年鉴提供的数据对我国各省份人口老龄化程度进行了更精准的度量。

The index to measure the degree of population aging usually refers to the proportion of the elderly population aged 65 or above in the total population of the region,which is called elderly population ratio for short.However,this index does not reflect deeper information within the elderly population such as the age distribution,and how"old"the elderly population is.Deep information of this type will often be more helpful in studying and dealing with the problem of population aging.To this end,the paper applies age-weighted method to introduce the concept of population aging depth,and then presents a new index to measure the aging of population.Finally,according to the data provided by China's population census and statistical yearbook,the paper makes a more precise measurement on the aging degree of the population in all provinces of China.