轴承内部润滑油分布及回流的试验观察与研究

Experimental Observation and Investigation of oil Distribution and Replenishment in a Rolling Bearing Model

润滑是轴承良好工作性能和长寿命的重要保证,而球-滚道接触区外润滑油层的分布直接决定了接触区内润滑油膜的形成.本文作者搭建了基于轴承模型的试验台,将轴承外圈替换成玻璃环,从而利用光学方法实现对钢球与外圈滚道形成的接触区及其附近润滑油层分布的直接观测和测量.本文作者重点探究了供油量、速度等工况参数和润滑油黏度等物化特性对接触区附近润滑油分布和回流的影响规律,结果表明气穴变化与回流特征均受供油量、速度和润滑油黏度影响.

Lubrication plays a much important role for good working performance and long lifetime of rolling bearings.The distribution of lubricating oil layer out of the contact zone of ball-raceway directly determines the formation of lubricating film in the contact zone.In this paper,a rolling bearing model test rig was set up with a glass outer ring so that the oil layer distributed on the inner surface of the outer ring could be directly observed and measured by optical methods.This paper focused on exploring the influence of oil supply volume,speed and oil viscosity on the oil distribution and replenishment.The results show that both cavitation and reflow characteristics were affected by oil supply volume,speed and oil viscosity.