基于能量获取的能耗均衡多跳分簇路由协议

Energy-balanced Multi-hop Cluster Routing Protocol Based on Energy Harvesting

现有的能量获取无线传感器网络分簇路由协议集中研究簇头选取和集群构建,对簇间路由的研究较少。簇间路由多采用最少跳数或最小化簇间传输能耗作为策略,没有综合考虑数据传输能耗、节点分布、节点的能量状态和能量收集。协议无法有效均衡节点的能耗,基站附近的网络容易出现能量空洞问题。针对网络出现的上述问题,提出了一种基于太阳能获能的能耗均衡多跳分簇路由协议。协议通过合理的区域划分设置每个单元的集群数量,实现网络非均匀分簇,均衡了不同单元中簇头节点的能耗;在簇头选取阶段,节点根据自身能量分布和邻居分布计算簇头权重,轮流当选簇头,有效平衡簇内节点的能耗;最后协议基于PSO算法设计路由策略,提高簇间传输数据的能耗效率,保证传输路径上的节点能耗均衡。通过仿真分析,本协议可以长时间维持网络的稳定周期,均衡节点能耗的性能相比其他协议有明显的优势,并且具有更高的网络吞吐量。

Existing energy harvesting wireless sensor network clustering routing protocols focus on cluster head selection and cluster construction,and less research on inter-cluster routing.Inter-cluster routing mostly uses the minimum hop count or minimizing transmission energy between clusters as a strategy,without comprehensive consideration of data transmission energy consumption,nodes distribution,nodes’energy status and energy collection.The protocol cannot effectively balance the energy consumption of nodes,and the network near the base station is prone to the problem of energy hole.Aiming at the above problems in the network,an energy-balanced multi-hop clustering routing protocol based on solar energy is proposed.The protocol sets the number of clusters in each unit through reasonable area division to achieve non-uniform clustering of the network and balance the energy consumption of cluster head nodes in different units.In the cluster head selection stage,the nodes calculate the cluster head weights according to their own energy distribution and neighbor distribution,select the cluster head in turn,which can effectively balance the energy consumption of the nodes in the cluster.Finally,the protocol designs a routing strategy based on the PSO algorithm,improves the energy consumption efficiency of data transmission between clusters,and ensures the balanced energy consumption of the nodes in the transmission path.Through simulation analysis,the performance of this protocol to balance node energy consumption has obvious advantages over other protocols.It can maintain the stable period of the network for a long time and have higher network throughput.