利用低频脉冲电击法防治草菇害虫双额岩小粪蝇的研究

Application of Low Frequency Pulse Electric Shock to Control Bifronsina bifrons(Stenhammar)Infection in Volvariella volvacea

考察了低频脉冲电击法对草菇(Volvariella volvacea)害虫双额岩小粪蝇(Bifronsina bifrons)幼虫的防治效果。结果表明:各因素的电击防治效果顺序是电击时间>输出频率>电极距离,其中电击时间是显著因素。优化的电击参数为输出频率90 Hz、电极距离45 cm、电击时间40 s,在此条件下,在田间(菇房)对双额岩小粪蝇进行电击处理,24 h的防治效果达到57.54%,显著优于对照药阿维菌素乳油(43.92%)。以电击时间40 s,输出频率90 Hz,两电极距离15、30、45 cm,分别对草菇菌丝进行电击处理,电击处理组的草菇菌丝长势和生长速度均与对照组无显著差异。本研究为草菇生产中双额岩小粪蝇的无公害防治提供有益参考。

The fly Bifronsina bifrons(Stenhammar)is the major pest insect to Volvariella volvacea in Guangdong province.Using orthogonal design,the efficacy of low frequency pulse electric shock against B.bifrons infection was studied.The results showed that major factors in the electric shock treatment in descending order of importance were electric shock time(s),output frequency(Hz),and electrode distance(CM),respectively.The optimal parameters for the electric shock treatment were 40 s electric shock time,90 Hz output frequency and 45 cm electrode distance.Using the above parameters,the efficacy of electric shock against B.bifrons in the field(mushroom production site)was 57.54%at 24 h,which was significantly greater than that of avermectin(43.92%)or clear water.Using the optimal electric time and output frequency,the mycelial growth rate of V.volvacea was not significantly different from that of the water control under three electrode distances(15,30 and 45 cm).This study provides a useful reference for the pollution-free control of B.bifrons in the production of V.volvacea.