重新发现智德——儒家伦理学知识体系的当代省察

Rediscovering Intellectual Virtue——A Contemporary Examination of the Knowledge System of Confucian Ethics

围绕知识与德性的关系,主要形成了两种不同的德性知识论进路。一种是索萨代表的德性可靠论,一种是扎格泽博斯基所代表的德性责任论,可谓当代德性知识论领域最具竞争性的前沿理论。在某种意义上,儒家伦理学是一种以人格特质为基础的德性知识论,以好学近乎知、知与仁的统一为标识。这种以“学以成人”为中心的伦理知识体系,很难归入任何一种规范伦理学的理论类型,与具有家族相似性的美德伦理学也有诸多差异。重新发现并激活儒家重知的德性论传统,使知识与价值的统一在本体论层面上确立起来,重建伦理学知识体系的实践智慧之道。

On the relationship between knowledge and virtue,there are two different approaches to the theory of virtue knowledge.One is the theory of virtue reliabilism represented by Ernest Sosa,the other is virtue responsibilism represented by Linda Zagzebski.To some extent,Confucian ethics is a moral epistemology based on personality,advocating loving learning as wisdom,and the unity of wisdom and humanness.Confucian ethics,with its system of ethical knowledge centered on"learning to be a person",is difficult to be classified into any theoretical type of normative ethics on the one hand,and it has many differences with virtue ethics despite of their family resemblance.By rediscovering and activating the tradition of virtue theory of Confucian emphasizing wisdom,we can establish the unity of knowledge and value at the ontological level,and rebuild the practical wisdom of ethical knowledge system.