电商平台中的自治与法治——兼议平台治理中的司法态度

Autonomy and Rule of Law in E-Commerce Platform——Also on the Judicial Attitude in Platform Governance

监管失灵倒逼平台自治以填补空白,平台责任的扩张亦需平台行使广泛的管理权加以实现。平台自治体系是介于科层制与市场化之间的中间型法治体系,其运作有赖于平台依据事前准入、事中管理、事后处罚等实体和程序规则,并运用新兴技术手段予以实现。司法机关面对平台自治的态度可分为两个层次:原则上,司法应充分尊重平台自治权,只要“平台法”不存在无效事由便应肯定其效力,至于其合理与否则在所不问;例外地,当平台自治不足或自治权行使不当时,司法应谦抑介入,以调整失衡的法律关系,引导平台经济的健康发展。

The failure of supervision forces the platform autonomy to fill the gap,and the expansion of platform responsibility also needs the platform to exercise extensive management rights.Platform autonomy system is an intermediate legal system between bureaucracy and market-based system.Its operation depends on the platform according to the entity and procedural rules such as prior access,management in process,and punishment afterwards.The attitude of the judiciary towards the autonomy of the platform can be divided into two levels:In principle,the judiciary should fully respect the platform autonomy,and as long as the“platform law”has no invalid reasons,it should affirm its effectiveness,and as for its rationality and otherwise,it should be ignored;Exceptionally,when the platform autonomy is insufficient or not exercised properly,judicial intervention should be restrained to adjust the unbalanced legal relationship and guide the healthy development of the platform economy.