初次和重复献血者献血相关血管迷走神经性反应的回顾性分析

A retrospective analysis of the frequency o fdonation related vasovagal reaction in first-tim e and repeat blood donors in Y ichang,C hina

目的探讨初次和重复献血发生献血相关血管迷走神经性反应的相关影响因素,为制定有效的干预措施提供依据。方法回顾性调查2015-2017年宜昌市初次和重复献血者发生献血相关血管迷走神经性反应的献血资料,进行统计分析。结果男性、低年龄(18-24岁)、低体重(<55 Kg)、学生献血者是初次献血发生献血相关血管迷走神经性反应的影响因素,重复献血的相关影响因素与低年龄(18-24岁)和低体重(<55 Kg)有关;初次献血发生献血相关血管迷走神经反应的最大诱因为精神紧张,重复献血为疲劳;50%以上的初次献血发生献血相关血管迷走神经反应在150 mL之前,且在献血量200 mL时发生率最高,50%以上的重复献血发生献血相关血管迷走神经反应在200 mL之前,献血量为300 mL时发生率最高。结论初次献血和重复献血发生献血相关血管迷走神经反应的相关影响因素、可能诱因及发生时间存在差异,应采取针对性的预防措施,降低献血相关血管迷走神经性反应的发生率,保障献血者安全。

Objective To explore the risk factors to donation related vasovagal reactions(DRVR) during first-time and repeat blood donation, so as to develop effective interventions. Methods The frequencies of DRVR among first-time and repeat blood donors during 2015-2017 were retrospectively reviewed and compared in terms of demographic variables and volume of blood collected with occurrence of immediate DRVR between the two groups. Results Male, young(18-24 years old), low weight(< 55 Kg) and student were significantly related to DRVR risk in first-time blood donors,and young(18-24 years old) and low weight(<55 Kg) were the risk factors in repeat blood donors.. First-time donors concerning predonation fear and repeat donors lacking in prior night′s sleep were more likely to experience DRVR. More than 50% of the first-time and repeat donors experienced DRVR before the volume of blood collected at 150 mL and 200 mL, respectively, with the highest incidence occurred at 200 mL and 300 mL, respectively. Conclusion There are divergences in the risk factors, causes and occurrence time of DRVR between first-time and repeat blood donors.Blood donation could be more DRVR-free by ensuring strict pre-donation procedures.