献血点选址建设中宏观区位要素的研究——以南京红十字血液中心为例

Fixed blood donation site selection: macro-factors on assessing location suitability, a case study of Nanjing Red Cross Blood Center

目的通过对南京市人口聚集程度以及献血点选址现状、采血效果现状分析出献血点选址建设中宏观区位要素组成和运用方法,为全国采供血机构设置献血点提供参考和依据。方法通过手机信令、百度地图热力图综合分析了献血点选址建设中宏观区位要素的组成;通过Pearson相关和线性回归的方法分析宏观区位要素和采血效果的相关性和相关程度。结果在南京地区,献血点选址建设中宏观区位要素由商业地段、交通场站、高等院校、景点名胜、文化设施组成。Pearson相关和线性回归分析得出区位要素是采血量、采血人数的影响因素,采血量、采血人数与宏观区位要素得分呈正相关关系,献血点具备的区位要素得分增加,则其采血效果明显提升。结论献血点选址建设中五种宏观区位要素是南京地区街头血液采集能力的重要影响因素。5种区位要素综合得分越高越有利于献血点的血液采集效果。献血点选址布局仍应与城市发展特点、临床用血的需求、主流献血人群等因素相适应。

Objective To assessing the location suitability for fixed blood donation sites through finding the macro-factors affecting siting selection based on the analysis of populated areas, current blood donation sites and access to blood donors in Nanjing, so as to provide references for blood donation site selection for other blood banks in China.Methods The composition and sequence of macro-factors affecting the location of fixed blood donation site were analyzed comprehensively using mobile phone signaling and heat map generated by Baidu Map. The correlation between the macro-factors and access to blood donors were analyzed using Pearson correlation and linear regression method.Results Macro-factors affecting blood donation site selection in Nanjing were composed of commercial locations, traffic stations, colleges and universities, scenic spots and cultural facilities. Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis showed that macro-factors were positively correlated with blood collection units and number of blood donors, as suitable location was a plus for donor availability. Conclusion The five siting options, revealed by macro-factors analysis, can affect the blood collection of street-sites in Nanjing, as the availability of donors can be boosted with points scored by suitable siting. What′s more, other factors as prospective development of the city, clinical blood demand and the majority of blood donors.etc. should also be considered in blood donation site election.