医用级聚乳酸合成及改性研究进展

Reseach progress of the synthesis and modification of biomedical PLA

聚乳酸是一种可降解的聚酯材料,降解产物为无毒无害的乳酸,在替代石油基、煤炭基等材料方面具有明显优势。讲述了聚乳酸的基本性能和合成方法,详细介绍了聚乳酸增韧改性的几种方式,包括嵌段增韧、接枝增韧、共混增韧、塑化增韧和复合增韧。生物医用材料对材料的组分、结构及性能可控性要求较高,生物医用聚乳酸体系的可控构建还需要针对不同临床应用,选择合适方法。

Polylactic acid(PLA)is a polyester material,which is non-toxic and harmless and biodegradable.Therefore,PLA shows an advantage in replacing petroleum-based and coal-based materials.The basic properties and synthesis methods of PLA were described,and several ways of toughening and modifying PLA were introduced in detail,including block toughening,graft toughening,blending toughening,plasticizing toughening and compound toughening.Biomedical materials required a high degree of controllability in the composition,structure and performance of materials,so the controllable construction of biomedical PLA system still needed to select appropriate methods for different clinical applications.Finally,the application prospect of PLA was prospected.