猪精液冷冻保存技术研究进展

Research Progress of Cryopreservation of Boar Semen

目前,中国生猪养殖主要利用新鲜精液人工授精繁殖为主,但鲜精体外保存时间较短且精子质量下降较快,极大地影响了公猪精液的利用效率。为了降低冷冻过程中猪精子损伤、提高精子解冻后活力和受精能力,国内外科研工作者对精液稀释液、解冻剂、冷冻程序等方面进行了深入探索并取得了突破性进展。该文主要介绍了猪精液冷冻保存技术的发展简况、影响猪精液冷冻过程精子质量的因素、猪精液稀释液的机理,综述了猪精液冷冻保存的研究进展,旨在为相关研究以及生产实际应用提供理论参考。

At present,artificial insemination of fresh semen is the main method of pig breeding in China,but the preservation time of fresh semen in vitro is short and the quality of sperm decreases rapidly,which greatly affects the efficiency of boar semen utilization.In order to reduce the damage of sperm in the process of freezing,improve the viability and fertilization ability of sperm,researchers at home and abroad made deep exploration and made breakthrough progress in semen diluent,defrosting agent,freezing procedure and so on.This review summarized the development of cryopreservation of boar semen,factors affecting cryopreservation of boar semen,mechanism of boar semen extender and the latest research progress on cryopreservation of boar semen,aiming to provide theoretical reference for related research and practical application.