用于肿瘤治疗的自显影高分子栓塞微球的研究进展

Research Progress of Autoradiography Polymer Embolic Microspheres for Tumor Treatment

自显影栓塞微球是随着介入治疗技术而快速发展起来的前沿研究方向,解决了肿瘤血管栓塞情况的实时观察问题。文章综述了壳聚糖、丝素蛋白、海藻酸钠等几种主要的高分子聚合物载体材料的特点与制备方法,以及所制得微球的外观形态尺寸以及载药率等,归纳总结了造影剂与微球球体的结合方式;探讨了自显影栓塞微球的生物相容性、动物实验以及临床试验等评价方法。研究认为多种材料复合可以取长补短,解决单一物质微球可能存在的降解性、成球性、药物包封率等问题;显影剂的包埋采用物理包埋法或化学结合法各有优缺点,应根据实际临床应用要求进行选择。

Autoradiography embolic microsphere is an advanced research direction with the rapid development of interventional therapy technology,which solves the problem of real-time observation of tumor vascular embolism.This paper reviews the characteristics and preparation methods of several major polymer embolic microspheres,i.e.,chitosan,silk fibroin,sodium alginate,as well as the appearance,size and drug loading rate of the prepared microspheres,summarizes the combination mode of contrast agent and microsphere,and discusses the evaluation methods of biocompatibility,animal experiments and clinical trials of autoradiography embolic microspheres.Research indicated that the combination of multiple materials can overcome the problems of degradation,spheroidization and drug entrapment efficiency of single material microspheres;the physical embedding method or chemical combination method for the embedding of contrast agent has its own merits and demerits,which should be selected according to the actual clinical application requirements.