父母效能成长团体训练对儿童情绪行为问题及家长情绪改善的效果

Effect of parent effectiveness training group on children's emotional and behavioral problems and parents'emotional improvement

目的分析父母效能成长团体对父母本身焦虑、抑郁水平以及对子女情绪行为问题的影响,以评价该成长团体的适用性及不足。方法采用前瞻性随访研究,选取2017年1月-2018年7月参与华西医院心理卫生中心父母效能成长团体训练的家长34名。家长接受每周一次、共10次的父母效能成长团体培训,包括5次理论授课和5次体验活动。于团体培训前1周和结束后1月,采用长处和困难问卷(SDQ)评估子女情绪行为问题,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)评估家长的焦虑抑郁水平。比较参与团体培训前后子女SDQ评分和父母SAS、PHQ-9评分。结果培训前后,父母自身SAS及PHQ-9总评分中位数(四分位数间距)[4(6)分vs.3(4)分、38(8)分vs.33(9)分]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。子女SDQ情绪因子、品行因子以及亲社会因子评分(中位数或平均值)[4(4)分vs.3(3)分、(3.41±2.05)分vs.(2.79±1.55)分、(4.91±2.61)分vs.(5.65±1.98)分]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论参与父母效能成长团体后,家长的焦虑抑郁情绪有所减轻,子女的情绪、品行及亲社会行为方面有一定的改善,而多动注意及同伴关系则无显著变化。

Objective To evaluate the applicability and inadequacy of parent effectiveness training group through the analysis of its effect on parental anxiety and depression status as well as children′s emotional and behavioral problems.Methods A prospective follow-up study was conducted on 34 parents who were recruited into parent effectiveness training group organized by the Mental Health Center of West China Hospital from January 2017 to July 2018.A total of 10 training sessions were conducted in 10 weeks,including 5 theoretical lectures and 5 experience activities.Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)were used to assess child emotional and behavioral problems and parental anxiety and depression status.The assessment was performed at 1 week before and 1 month after training,then the scores of two assessments were compared to verify the effect of training group.Results The scores of parental SAS and PHQ-9 showed significant differences before and after training[median(interquartile range):4(6)vs.3(4),38(8)vs.33(9),P<0.05].The scores of emotional problems,conduct problems and prosocial behavior in Children′s SDQ also showed significant differences before and after training[median(interquartile range):4(4)vs.3(3),(3.41±2.05)vs.(2.79±1.55),(4.91±2.61)vs.(5.65±1.98),P<0.05].Conclusion Application of parent effectiveness training group can effectively alleviate the parental anxiety and depression status,and improve the emotional problems,conduct problems and prosocial behavior of children,while no significant change is found in hyperactivity and peer problems.