矿用多类型雾化喷嘴雾化参数及其对采掘截割区域降尘效果分析

Analysis of Atomizing Parameters of Muti-type Atomizing NozzlesUsed in Mine and Its Dedusting Effect on Cutting Area

为了在综合考虑粉尘特性、喷嘴雾化角、有效射程、耗水量以及雾滴粒径等因素的基础上选择合适的喷雾压力以提高喷雾降尘效率,对矿井采掘工作面截割区域不同位置粉尘特性及多类型矿用压力式雾化喷嘴的雾化参数进行了测定。通过实验得出:对于采煤工作面和综掘工作面,距滚筒0.5 m应选择侧向导流孔离心式喷嘴、雾化压力2 MPa,此时喷嘴雾化角大、耗水量小、雾滴粒径大,能实现对大颗粒粉尘的大面积覆盖捕捉且不会污染工作环境。距滚筒1.0 m应选择含X形导流芯混合式喷嘴、雾化压力4 MPa,与2 MPa相比,喷嘴有效射程较大、雾滴粒径较小,能实现对较小粒径粉尘的有效沉降。距滚筒1.5 m应选择含螺旋槽导流芯混合式喷嘴、雾化压力8 MPa,此时喷嘴雾化角小、耗水量大、雾滴粒径小,能实现对瞬间高浓度小粒径粉尘的快速捕捉。现场应用表明:对矿井各喷雾点喷雾压力进行优化后可有效提高喷雾降尘效果,结合尘雾耦合规律,根据采掘工作面截割区域不同位置粉尘特性选择合适的喷嘴对提高喷雾降尘率也具有一定的效果,在对喷雾压力和喷嘴类型进行优化后,总尘和呼尘的降尘率均可达到70%以上,效果显著。

In order to improve the efficiency of dust-laying spray by selecting suitable spray pressure on the basis of considering dust property,nozzle atomizing angle,effective firing range,water consumption and spray particle size,it is measured the dust property of coal mine different section area of working face and atomization parameters of multiple species nozzle.Through the experiment,for the work of coal mining and the work of the heddle,cylinder should be directed to the Lateral orifice centrifugal nozzle and the atomized pressure 2 MPa at 0.5 m away from the roller,and at this time,nozzle atomizing angle is larger,water consumption is smaller,and spray particle size is larger,so it is suitable for removing the dust with larger particle size by a wider range of coverage.At 1.0 m away from the roller,cylinder should be directed to mixed nozzle with X-shaped guide core,and the spray pressure of coal shear and fully-mechanized coal winning machine should be 4 MPa.So,compared with 2 MPa,effective firing range is more larger,spray particle size is more smaller,and it is suitable for removing the dust with more smaller particle size.At 1.5 m away from the roller,cylinder should be directed to mixed nozzle with spiral groove guide core,and the spray pressure of coal shear and fully-mechanized coal winning machine should be 8 MPa.So the nozzle atomizing angle is smaller,effective firing range is larger,spray particle size is smaller,and it is suitable for removing the instant high-concentrated small particle sized dust.Field applications shows that optimizing the spray pressure of different spray sites can effectively improve the effect of spray dust,and combined with dust coupling rule,choosing the appropriate nozzle on the basis of the dust characteristics at different location of the cutting area on the working face has a certain effect on the increase of spraying dust rate,and after optimizing the spray pressure and the nozzle species,the dust-laying effect of both total dust and respirable dust can reach above 70%,and the effect is remarkable.