破地狱与生净土:唐宋时期尊胜信仰与观音信仰结合流行现象探析

Escaping from the Hell to Live in the Pure Land:A Study on the Popular Phenomena of the Combination of Usnisa Vijaya Belief and Avalokitevara Belief in the Tang and the Song Dynasties

唐宋时期的文物遗存和文献资料中出现了大量佛顶尊胜与观音两种信仰结合流行的现象,地狱救赎与接引众生往生净土是两种信仰结合出现的主要依据。尊胜信仰与观音信仰结合的现象在7至13世纪以不同形式出现,但都表达了破地狱与生净土的主题,满足了当时人们死后不堕地狱和往生净土的愿望,反映出唐宋时期人们希望同时得到尊胜与观音庇佑的心理。

In the existing cultural relics and literatures in the Tang and the Song Dynasties,there are a lot of popular phenomena of the combination of Usnisa Vijaya Belief and Avalokitevara Belief.The main reason of the combination of two beliefs is salvation of hell and guiding people to pure land.The phenomena of the combination of Usnisa Vijaya Belief and Avalokitevara Belief shows different forms from 7 th to13 th century,but all of them clearly express the theme of escaping from the hell to live in the pure land.It satisfies people’s desire that not falling into the hell after death and living in the pure land.It reflects the psychology of people who live in the Tang and the Song Dynasties hoping to get the blessing from Usnisa Vijaya and Avalokitevara at the same time.