我国儿童足球训练运动损伤初探:基于992名6~9岁球员的横断面研究

Initial Investigation of Sports Injuries of Chinese Children in Football Training:A Cross-sectional Study of 992 Players Aged Six to Nine

目的:调查我国6~9岁儿童在足球训练中运动损伤的患病率、患病特点、影响因素。方法:本横断面研究纳入2017—2019年中国足球小将相关赛事报名参赛球员,收集人口基本信息、足球训练情况、足球训练相关损伤情况。结果:研究纳入992例球员,来自全国16个省和直辖市。其中男性儿童953人、女性儿童39人,平均年龄(8.1±0.8)岁,平均身高(135.3±6.8)cm,平均体重(29.0±4.7)kg,平均BMI(15.8±1.8)kg/m2,平均球龄(28.7±10.5)月。足球训练中运动损伤的患病率为15.0%。损伤最常见的部位为踝关节;最常见受伤类型是关节扭伤或韧带损伤。受伤球员与未受伤球员间最大训练强度有统计学差异(P<0.05),性别、年龄、场上位置、每次训练时间、每周训练频率无统计学差异。结论:我国6~9岁参与足球运动的儿童在训练中出现运动损伤的患病率为15%。其中踝关节扭伤最常见。训练强度过高很可能是导致发生训练损伤的风险因素。

To investigate the prevalence rate,characteristics,and influencing factors of sports injuries in football training among the children of 6~9 years old in China.Methods:We conducted a cross-section study to collect the demographics,football training information,and football training-related injuries among the players registered in the China Football Boy related tournaments during 2017 and 2019.Results:A total of 992 players(gender:953 boys,39 girls;age:8.1±0.8 years;height:135.3±6.8 cm;weight:29.0±4.7 kg;BMI:15.8±1.8 kg/m2;time of playing football:28.7±10.5 months)from 16 provinces and municipalities were enrolled.The prevalence rate of sports injuries in football training was 15.0%.The most common injured part was the ankle;the most common injury type was a joint sprain or ligament injury.We found a statistically significant difference in the maximum training intensity between the injured and the uninjured players(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference regarding gender,age,position on the field,training time,and training frequency between the players with and without injuries.Conclusion:The prevalence rate of sports injury in football training is 15%for Chinese children aged six to nine.The ankle sprain is the most common injury.Excessive training intensity is likely to be a risk factor for training injuries.