傅克酰基化反应中固体酸催化剂的表征及应用

Characterization and application of solid acid catalysts in Friedel-Crafts acylation

为了降低傅克酰基化反应中固体酸催化剂的制备成本,以120℃下煅烧的硅藻土为载体,常温负载氯磺酸后制成固体酸催化剂,通过XRD、IR、SEM对所得催化剂的结构和形貌进行表征和分析,并将催化剂用于傅克酰基化反应。结果表明:该固体酸催化剂仍能保留硅藻土高度结晶的性能,且磺酸基大量负载在硅藻土的孔道中;以该催化剂进行傅克酰基化反应,富电子基团的芳香化合物都有较高的收率和对位选择性,同时该固体酸催化剂具有较好的循环使用寿命,其后处理过程也较为简单。该研究可为实现低成本、易回收固体催化剂的工业化生产和应用起到一定的促进作用。

In order to reduce the cost for the preparation of the solid acid catalyst in Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, a new solid catalyst was prepared by calcining diatomite at 120 ℃ and loading chlorosulfonic acid at the room temperature. The structure and morphology of the solid catalyst were characterized and analyzed by XRD, IR and SEM and then it was employed in Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction. The results showed that the solid acid catalyst could still retain the high crystallization property of diatomite and sulfonic acid group was loaded in the pore of the diatomite in quantity. When the solid acid catalyst was used for Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, electron-rich arene compounds exhibited high yields and high para-position selectivity. Meanwhile, the catalyst could be recycled well and the post-processing process was relatively simple. This research will play a certain role in promoting the industrial production and application of low-cost and easily recoverable solid catalysts.