中国现代文体学视野中的“型类的混杂”

“Mixture of Types” from the Perspective of Chinese modern stylistics

"型类的混杂"是梁实秋对"五四"新文学创作的批评。梁实秋认为新文学文体特征及其功能紊乱,散文写诗、小说抒情、诗可以叙事,这是文体功能的混杂,是浪漫主义过了头。但是,"型类的混杂"是现代文学的文体杂糅的表现,是新文学在继承中国古代文学和借鉴外国文学进行文体创造过程中存在的问题,同时又是新文学文体变异的艺术追求。新文学文体建设表明,文体发展即是文体的不断成熟与丰满,也是文体的变化与创新。文体的守正与出奇是坚持文学的古典形态与美学原则,还是寻求新的文学形态,这是文体美学原则的分野。

"The mixture of types" is Liang Shiqiu’s criticism of the May 4 th new literary creation. Liang Shiqiu pointed out the disorder in stylistic features and functions of the new literature, and prose becoming poetry, novels expressing emotion and poetry becoming narratives are a mixture of stylistic functions and excessive romanticism. However, "the mixture of types" is the expression of style blending of modern literature. It’s a problem arising in the process of new literature inheriting ancient Chinese literature and learning from foreign literature for style creation. At the same time, it is the artistic pursuit for new literary style variations.New literary style construction shows that the development of style is not only the continuous maturity and fullness of style, but also the change and innovation of style itself. The integrity and uniqueness of style of whether to adhere to the classical form and aesthetic principle of literature or to seek a new literary form are a distinction between stylistics and aesthetic principle.