权利维度下老年人社会参与的法律保障

Legal Guarantee of Social Participation of the Elderly Under the Dimension of Rights

从权利维度分析,社会参与是老年人的一项基本人权,具有自由权与社会权的双重权利属性,是一个综合性的权利体系。我国老年人社会参与的规范渊源主要体现在政策和法律两个层面,且法律并未对老年人社会参与做出直接规定,只是有一些关联性规定。今后的立法重点应集中在五个方面:制定反老年歧视的专项法律,为老年人社会参与提供法律保障;完善《中华人民共和国选举法》等宪法性法律,保障老年人的政治参与权;完善劳动法规,保障老年人的经济参与权;完善志愿服务法规体系,保障老年人的公益参与权;建立健全有关老年协会的法律法规,保障老年人的组织参与权。

From the perspective of rights,social participation is a basic human right of the elderly.It is a comprehensive rights system with dual attributes of social right and right of freedom.The normative origin of social participation of the elderly in China is mainly reflected in the two levels of policy and law,and the law has only some relevant regulations of social participation of the elderly instead of direct stipulations.Future legislation should focus on the following five aspects.Firstly,formulating a special law against discrimination against the elderly to provide legal protection for their social protection.Secondly,improving constitutional laws such as the Electoral Law of People’s Republic of China,to ensure older people’s right of political participation.Thirdly,improving labor laws and regulations to ensure their right of economic participation.Fourthly,improving the legal system of voluntary service to ensure the right of the elderly to participate in public welfare.Fifthly,establishing and improving laws and regulations concerning associations for the aged,to ensure their right to join organizations.