恩格斯《英国工人阶级状况》的理论贡献

The Theoretical Contribution and Research Method of Engels’ The Condition of The British Working Class

恩格斯的《英国工人阶级状况》是其早期思想发展中的一部重要著作。它从考察英国技术革命、产业革命和社会革命的关系入手,对无产阶级和资产阶级之间斗争的必然性以及无产阶级的世界历史地位进行了深入的研究。本书表明恩格斯新世界观理论即唯物主义历史观已初步形成。特别可贵的是其研究方法和思维方式已发生了历史性的转变:即从以人为本位的思维方式向以社会实践为本位的思维方式转变,把研究的重心转向社会历史方面和现实的人。尽管这部著作作为新世界观理论的"胚胎发展的一个阶段",还残留"德国古典哲学起源的痕迹",但其在马克思主义形成和发展史中所占有的地位却是不容低估的。

Engels’ The Condition of The English Working Class is an important work in the development of his early thought.Starting with the investigation of the relationship between the British technological revolution, industrial revolution and social revolution, it makes an in-depth study of the inevitability of the struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie and the status of the proletariat in world history. This book shows that his new theory of world outlook, namely materialist view of history, has been preliminarily formed.What is particularly valuable is that his research method and thinking mode have undergone a historic change, which is from the people-oriented thinking mode to the social practice-oriented thinking mode, the focus of the research to the social history and The reality person. Although as "a stage of embryonic development" of the new world outlook theory, it still has "traces of the origin of German classical philosophy", its position in the formation and development of Marxism is not to be underestimated.