基于切伦科夫辐射的光动力疗法用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展

Research Progress of Photodynamic Therapy Based on Cherenkov Radiation for Tumors

基于切伦科夫辐射的光动力治疗是一种不需要外界光激发的新型光动力疗法。通过放射性核素产生的切伦科夫辐射激活附近的光敏剂,使其产生活性氧以破坏靶细胞或组织,它克服了传统光动力疗法存在的组织渗透受限、依赖外部光等缺点,是一个很有前景的新领域,为肿瘤治疗提供了一个新方向。切伦科夫辐射比较微弱、易被生物组织衰减、缺乏对应光谱的光敏剂以及肿瘤靶向性不佳是限制其在临床进一步应用的关键因素。如何增强基于切伦科夫辐射的光动力治疗疗效是未来的研究重点。提高切伦科夫辐射的强度及结合纳米技术对光敏剂进行表面修饰等均可改善光动力治疗效果,但是研究人员对于光动力治疗机制尚存在争议,需要进一步的研究。对基于切伦科夫辐射的光动力疗法用于肿瘤治疗的研究进展进行了综述。

Photodynamic therapy based on Cherenkov radiation is a new type of photodynamic therapy without external light excitation.Cherenkov radiation produced by radionuclides can activate photosensitizers nearby to produce reactive oxygen,so as to damage target cells and tissues.It overcomes many limitations of the traditional photodynamic therapy,such as limited tissue penetration and dependence on external light.It is a promising new field and provides a novel direction for tumor treatment.The weak Cherenkov radiation,the attenuation of Cherenkov radiation by tissues,the lack of corresponding photosensitizers,and the poor tumor targeting are the key factors limiting the further clinical applications of Cherenkov radiation.How to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy based on Cherenkov radiation is the future research focus.Increasing the intensity of Cerenkov radiation and combining with nanotechnology to modify the surface of photosensitizers can improve the therapeutic effect.Meanwhile,the mechanism of photodynamic therapy is still controversial and further studies are needed.The research progress of photodynamic therapy based on Cherenkov radiation for tumors is reviewed.