c-kit在原发性女性生殖道恶性黑色素瘤治疗及预后中的作用:现状与展望

The role of c-kit in the treatment and prognosis of primary female genital malignant melanoma:current status and prospects

原发性女性生殖道恶性黑色素瘤(primary female genital tract malignant melanoma,PFGMM)是一种罕见且预后较差的黏膜恶性黑色素瘤。早期PFGMM以手术治疗为主,而晚期或复发转移患者治疗较困难,目前以化疗为主,但疗效不佳,新的靶向治疗和免疫治疗方案值得探索。研究表明,恶性黑色素瘤的发生、发展可能与c-kit基因改变有关,PFGMM中c-kit基因突变频率约为18.5%。因此,c-kitt有望成为PFGMM治疗的新靶点。从分子水平简要介绍c-kit基因改变对PFGMM的发生、发展、治疗及预后的影响。

Primary female genital tract malignant melanoma(PFGMM)is a rare mucosal malignant melanoma with poor prognosis.Surgery has remained the first-line therapeutic option for early-stage PFGMM,but the treatment for patient with advanced or recurrent disease is challenging.Currently,systemic chemotherapy is widely adopted.However,it shows limited effect.New targeted therapy and immunotherapy are worth exploring.Notably,the development and progression of melanoma may correlate with c-kit gene alterations with a mutation rate of about 18.5%for PFGMM.Therefore,c-kit gene is expected to become a new target.In this article,we briefly reviewed the role of c-kit in the occurrence,development,treatment and prognosis of PFGMM.