新型冠状病毒感染的中枢神经系统并发症

Central Nervous System Complications in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019

新型冠状病毒是一种继严重急性呼吸综合征病毒、中东呼吸综合征病毒之后出现并造成大流行的冠状病毒,主要侵犯呼吸系统,但由于其受体分布广泛,也会可以感染其他系统,包括中枢神经系统。新型冠状病毒可以通过直接侵犯、激活炎症反应、诱发自身免疫反应等机制影响中枢神经系统,并导致脑炎、急性脊髓炎、脑病、脑血管疾病、癫痫等一系列并发症,严重影响患者预后。本文将结合国内外现有文献,对上述并发症进行综合阐述,以供临床同道借鉴参考。

Coronavirus disease 2019,following severe acute respiratory syndrome virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome virus,is another coronavirus that caused a global pandemic.It mainly affects the respiratory system,but can also involve multiple systems including the central nervous system due to the wide distribution of receptors of the virus.The mechanisms of this virus involving central nervous system included direct invasion,activating inflammatory response and inducing autoimmune response,leading to a series of complications like encephalitis,acute myelitis,encephalopathy,epilepsy,and cerebrovascular disease,which seriously affected the prognosis of patients.This review summarized the above complications according to the literatures lately,to provide the reference for clinical practice.