空间社会学视域下的明清商人园林研究——以淮扬地区为中心的考察

Study on the Gardens of Merchants in the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the Perspectives of Spatial Sociology——Investigation Centralized on the Huaiyang Region

明清时期商人所建园林在我国园林史和文化史上占有重要地位。在日常生活得到满足的情形下,商人们开始关注更高层次的需求,修建园亭便是一个很好的举措,不仅可以满足他们的情感需求,还可以此为途径实现自身价值。商人园林大多极尽人工之巧妙,又极具使用价值。商人园林的文化功能突出,不仅是文化的载体,还储存着众多文化瑰宝。同时,以园林为场所举行的雅集及与会人员的特性,使得园林成为名园,成为一种稀缺资源、一种意象化的空间,并且"网罗""困住"了文人与文化。园林成为名园,被文人雅士关注,又提高了园主的社会声望。

The gardens built by the merchants in the Ming and Qing Dynasties has a very significant role in the history of Chinese gardens and culture.Along with the basic needs of the merchants were met,the merchants paid attention to higher-level needs.So they chose to build gardens to meet their emotional need and realize their own values through this way.Owing to the rich financial resources of the merchants,their gardens were extremely exquisite and unique,and they are of great use value.These gardens had outstanding cultural functions.They were not only the carriers of culture,but also stored many cultural treasures.Meanwhile,the elegant gatherings held in these gardens and the characteristics of the participants made the gardens famous gardens,scarce resources,a kind of imagery space,and"trapped"literati and culture.Those famous gardens were paid attention to by literati,and they also improved the social reputation of their owners.