柠檬籽粒中柠檬苦素离子液体双水相提取体系的优化与抗氧化活性分析

Optimization of Extraction System by Ionic Liquids Aqueous Two-Phase Separation(ILs-ATP)and Analysis of Antioxidant Activity in Limonin From Lemon(Citrus limon)Seeds

为更好地开发和利用柠檬籽粒中的功能性成分柠檬苦素,本试验研究了离子液体双水相对柠檬苦素提取的最优体系,并通过响应面分析法对最优体系的提取工艺进行了优化。结果表明,1.50 mol·L^-1[TMG][Cl]/1.35 mol·L^-1 NaH2PO4离子液体双水相萃取体系中柠檬苦素的提取量最高,萃取率达97.59%;响应面优化试验得出最优工艺参数:提取时间90.74 min、乙醇浓度59.40%、提取温度74.22℃、液料比18.08∶1条件下,预测柠檬苦素最大提取量为12.126 mg·g^-1FW,校正工艺下柠檬苦素实际提取量为12.381 mg·g^-1 FW,方差分析显示两数值差异不显著,表明有关柠檬苦素提取量的四元二次方程模型预测准确度高。此外,柠檬苦素可有效清除活性氧自由基并抑制不饱和脂肪酸的过氧化,具有较强的抗氧化活性。本研究结果为柠檬资源的充分开发和实际应用提供了理论基础。

In order to develop and utilize the functional compound of limonin in lemon seeds,the optimal system of limonin extraction by ionic liquids aqueous two-phase separation(ILs-ATP)system was studied in the present study;meanwhile,the extraction process of the optimal ILs-ATPS were optimized by response surface methodology.The results exhibited that the highest extraction yields of limonin from lemon seeds were obtained in the ILs-ATPS of 1.5 mol·L^-1[TMG][Cl]/1.35 mol·L^-1 NaH2PO4among all ILs-ATP systems,with the extraction rate of 97.59%.Response surface optimization results showed that the highest yields of limonin was achieved with 59.40%ethanol and liquid to material ratio of 18.08∶1 for extracting of 90.74 min in 74.22℃.The difference between the predicted maximum extraction yield of limonin(12.126 mg·g^-1 FW)and the content in verification test(12.381 mg·g^-1 FW)was not significant following a one-way ANOVA,indicating that the predicted model possessed high predictability and accuracy.In addition,the extracted limonin compound could effectively scavenge reactive oxygen radicals and inhibit the peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acid,contributing to a strong antioxidant activity.These results provided the theoretical foundation for the exploitation and practical application of lemon(Citrus limon)source.