区域地理学基本原理初探

Five principles in regional geography

区域地理学是地理学的最重要分支.从区域地理学基本规律认识的角度提出了区域地理学的5大原理,包括人地关系原理、地域分异原理、尺度-规模原理、复杂性与自相似性原理、空间效用极大化原理.人地关系原理是基于认识论视角提炼总结出的区域地理规律;地域分异原理是从地理学空间属性的视角提炼总结出的地理要素空间变化规律;尺度-规模原理、复杂性与自相似性原理是从地域系统纵向级联视角归纳出来的空间思维或空间结构规律;效用极大化原理则是基于目的论视角所提炼的社会经济规律.这些原理与地理学原理,特别是人文地理学与经济地理学原理融合在一起,很难区分开来,正像区域地理学与这些学科的研究内容难以区分一样.

Regional geography is the most important branch in geography.Five principles of regional geography are put forward in the paper from the perspective of understanding the basic laws of regional geography,including the principle of man-land relation,the principle of regional differentiation,the principle of scale-size,the principle of complexity and self-similarity,and the principle of maximization of utility.The first principle is refined as the regional geographic law abstracted from the level of the philosophical and the perspective of epistemological.The second principle is the spatial change law of geographical elements abstracted from the perspective of spatial attributes of geography.The principle of scale-size and the principle of complexity and self-similarity are the spatial thinking or spatial structure law summarized from the perspective of the vertical cascade about regional system.The principle of utility maximizalion is a social and economic law based on the teleological perspective.These principles and geographical principles,especially the principles of human geography and economic geography,are merged together.It is difficult to distinguish between regional geography and the research contents of these disciplines.