低压迅速减压舱减压平衡的研究

Decompression Balancein Lab-Built Rapid Decompression Simulator:A Simulation and Experimental Study

为实现迅速减压舱0.01 s迅速减压,设计了一种负压迅速减压方法。通过可压缩气体一维定常等熵流动理论,推导装备迅速减压舱喉道流速方程、流量方程以及减压平衡方程,研究体积参数、初始压强与减压时间之间的关系;同时采用Fluent软件对减压过程进行动态模拟仿真。通过理论计算设计合理体积参数进行实验,实验结果验证了理论模型的正确性,实现0.01 s迅速减压。

The flow field,in decompression of the lab-built rapid decompression simulator,was empirically approximated with compressible gas,mathematically formulated with standard k-εmodel,theoretically analyzed in 1-D steady isentropic flow theory,numerically simulated in finite element method with Fluent software and experimentally evaluated.The influence of the key variables,including,but not limited to the volumes and pressures of the decompression chamber and sub-atmospheric pressure tank,thickness and area of the blasting glass window,on the time evolution of the flow field in rapid decompression,including the distributions of pressure and velocity,was investigated for design optimization.The calculated and simulated results show that the newly-developed rapid-decompression simulator meets the stringent design requirements,for example,the decompression can be regularly and rapidly achieved in 10 ms.The measured,calculated and simulated results were found to be in good agreement.