相场法在金属凝固过程的应用现状

Application status of phase field method in metal solidification process

相场法是在计算材料学中发展最快的一种强大的计算方法,以基本的热力学和动力学为输入,可用于模拟和预测材料的介观尺度形貌和微观结构的演变。首先总结了相场模型的历史发展、物理基础、数学表达及其数值求解,其次分析了相场法在纯物质、二元合金、多组分系统以及定向凝固、增材制造等领域中的应用情况,最后对相场法进行了总结及展望,并指出相场法发展应趋向于超大尺度相场模拟技术,更高效算法的开发,相场模型与热力学、动力学数据库的结合,工业应用的探索以及与实验观察技术的进一步结合。

The phase field method(PFM) is one of the fastest-growing computational methods in computational materials science. Basic thermodynamic and kinetic information was taken as input and it can be used to model and predict the mesoscale morphology and microstructure evolution of materials. Firstly, the historical development, physical basis, mathematical expression and numerical solution of the phase field model were summarized. Secondly, some research hotspots in the application of the PFM in solidification such as pure materials, binary alloys, multiple component systems and other applications(e.g. directional solidification, additive manufacturing) were concluded. Finally, the phase field method was summarized and prospected, and it was pointed out that the development of the phase field method should tend to the development of super large-scale phase field simulation, more efficient algorithm, the combination of phase field model and thermodynamics, kinetics database, industrial application exploration and its further integration with experimental observation technology.