祁连山草原地上生物量和物种丰富度的空间格局

The spatial pattern of aboveground biomass and species richness in the grassland of Qilian Mountain

以祁连山南北坡草原为研究对象,为确定位点因子对草原地上生物量和物种丰富度的影响,沿经度、纬度和海拔梯度调查了13个样点草原植被。结果表明,祁连山草原地上生物量和物种丰富度呈北高南低、东高西低的空间分布特征,与纬度和经度均显著相关(P<0.05);草原地上生物量与年均降水量显著正相关(P<0.05),与年均温显著负相关(P<0.05)。分析认为,年降水量决定了草原地上生物量的东西分布格局,气温和年降水量的共同作用决定了地上生物量的南北分布格局。综合经度、纬度、海拔、年降水量和年均温可较好地预测地上生物量和物种丰富度。研究结果对祁连山生态修复和国家公园的科学管理具有积极意义。

To determine how the effects of environmental factors(e.g.climate changes and geographic location)on plant aboveground biomass and species richness,an experiment was conducted in the alpine grasslands including 13 study sites that were selected along the longitude,latitude,and elevation of the Qilian Mountains.Results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of the aboveground biomass and species richness of Qilian Mountain grassland show high to low from north to south and east to west.Aboveground biomass and species richness were significantly positively correlated with latitude and longitude(P<0.05),while aboveground biomass was significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation and negatively correlated with mean annual temperature(P<0.05).The mean annual precipitation determined the east-west distribution patterns of aboveground biomass in the grassland of Qilian Mountains.The north-south distribution patterns of aboveground biomass were affected by the coupling effects of air temperature and annual precipitation.The aboveground biomass and species richness could be well predicted by using longitude,latitude,altitude,mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature.The results highlight the significance to the scientific management of Qilian Mountain National Park.