基于联绵词韵律特征的汉语双音化及前上古声调分析

Analysis of Disyllabic Chinese and Pre-Archaic Tones Based on the Prosodic Features of Lianmian-Words

从韵律语法的角度来看,联绵词具备“单音步+单语素”的韵律特征,因此,联绵词作为一个完整的标准音步,可以借助《诗经》《楚辞》等先秦文献与汉语文体演变研究的成果来论证其为汉语双音化早期的产物。韵律具有内部稳定性特征,基于联绵词音步的声调和对前上古声调存在与否的分类假设,推断早期单音节音步或是声调与联绵词音步相同,或是强弱、长短等超音段特征由联绵词声调反映、固定。

Lianmian-words have the prosodic features of“mono-foot+mono-morpheme”.As complete standard prosodic feet,Lianmian-words can be proved to be the product of the early bisyllablization of Chinese,which is demonstrated by the pre-Qin literatures such as The Book of Songs and Chu Ci,as well as the Chinese stylistic evolution.Based on the tone of Lianmian-words and the assumption of the existence of pre-Archaic tones,the prosody's internal stability enables Lianmian-words to infer the appearance of the incipient monosyllable foot:either its tone is the same as the Lianmian foot's,or its suprasegment characteristics like stress and duration are reflected and fixed by the syllables of Lianmian.