碎片化学习真的会影响学习效果吗?——基于在线学习的分散学习效应研究

Does Fragmental Learning Have an Impact on the Learning Performance?——An Experimental Research on Distributed Learning Effect in Online Learning

在线学习活动随时随地开展的特性,引发了人们对碎片化学习的讨论。脑神经科学、心理学的研究发现,分散学习能够加强学习者对知识的记忆和理解,有助于学生在每次学习中消除错误,保留更多的知识并促进知识的迁移。碎片化的在线学习与分散学习方式非常类似。在线学习中是否存在分散学习效应?不同时间间隔对在线学习效果的影响如何?基于某大学74名大学生的分组实验显示:采用短时间间隔方式在线学习的实验组学生成绩显著高于采用长时间间隔方式在线学习的控制组,短学习时间间隔下学生更容易产生对知识的深度认知加工行为,且学习时间间隔以首次练习正确率为中介因素对最终学习成绩产生影响。该结果说明在线学习中存在分散学习效应;只要保证学习者在一个较长的时间段内能够相对完整地完成所有知识内容的学习,碎片化学习有可能对在线学习效果产生积极的影响。因此,应将学习时间安排纳入到在线学习设计之中,探索不同类型知识的最优学习时间间隔并进行学习推荐,以更好地适应越来越普遍的碎片化学习。

The discussion of fragmented learning broke out while online learning activities can occur anytime anywhere.Neuroscience and psychology have found that the distributed learning effect can strengthen learners’memory and understanding of knowledge,help learners to eliminate mistakes,retain more knowledge and promote knowledge transfer.Fragmented learning is similar to distributed learning.Is there a distributed learning effect in online learning?What is the influence of different time intervals on online learning?An experimental research of 74 freshmen from a university found that the scores of the experimental group with short learning time interval are significantly higher than that of the control group with long learning time interval,the experimental group students have more behavior pattern of deep cognitive processing,and the learning interval has an impact on academic performance mediated by the first practice correct rate.The results indicate that there is a distributed learning effect in online learning.It infers that if the learners are guaranteed to learn the whole knowledge content in a relatively long period of time,fragmented learning may have a positive impact on online learning.Therefore,learning time should be considered in the design of online learning,and the optimal learning interval of different types of knowledge should be explored and recommended to better adapt to the increasingly fragmented learning circumstance.