2012-2018年株洲市15~24岁HIV/AIDS病人特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients aged 15-24 years in Zhuzhou from 2012 to 2018

目的分析株洲市15~24岁艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。方法在中国疾病预防控制中心艾滋病基本信息系统中下载2012-2018年株洲市15~24岁HIV/AIDS病例信息,分析其流行特征,并与全年龄段病例比较。结果2012-2018年株洲市共报告15~24岁病例215例,占全部病例(1660例)的13.0%;平均年龄为(21.1±2.1)岁;男女性别比为6.7∶1(187∶28);学生占30.2%(65例),未婚占92.6%(199例),大专及以上占43.3%(93例);经性传播占97.2%(209例),同性性传播占55.8%(120例),异性性传播占41.4%(89例);样本来源于检测咨询占47.4%(102例);首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数均值为(414.3±187.0)个/μL。在职业分布、婚姻状况、文化程度、传播途径、样本来源、首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数上与全年龄段病例比较均存在差异(P均<0.05),且学生、未婚、大专及以上学历、同性性传播、样本来源于检测咨询的比例及首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数均值均高于全年龄段病例。结论株洲市15~24岁HIV/AIDS病人在特征上与全年龄段病例存在较大差异,应针对年龄特征采取相应的防控措施。

Objective To understand the epidemic features of HIV/AIDS patients aged 15-24 years in Zhuzhou city,and to provide the basis for formulating the measures of effective prevention and control.Methods Epidemic features of HIV/AIDS patients aged 15-24 years from 2012 to 2018 were analyzed and compared with cases of all ages.Results A total of 215 cases aged 15-24 years were reported,accounting for 13.0%of all cases.The mean age was 21.1±2.1 years.The male and female ratio was 6.7:1(187:28).Majority of them were students(65 cases,30.2%),unmarried(199 cases,92.6%),and with the educational level of junior college and above(93 cases,43.3%).97.2%were infected with HIV via sexual transmission,and the rate of homosexual transmission(120 cases,55.8%)was higher than that of heterosexual transmission(89 cases,41.4%).102 cases(47.4%)were from the clinics of HIV testing and counseling.The mean initial CD4+T lymphocyte count was(414.3±187.0/l).There were differences in professional distribution,marital status,education level,route of transmission,sample sources,CD4+T lymphocyte count in comparison with the cases of all ages(P<0.05).The proportions of students,being unmarried,educational level of college or above,homosexual transmission,samples from the clinics of HIV testing and counseling and mean value of CD4+T lymphocyte count tested for the first time were higher than those in all ages.Conclusion There is a significant difference between the features of 15-24 years old patients and whole age group in Zhuzhou,and the targeted measures for prevention and control should be taken for the young group.