低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员血液指标的影响

Effect of low-dose ionizing radiation on blood indexes of radiation staff

目的探讨低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员血液指标的影响。方法选取武汉市某医院从事X射线影像诊断和介入放射学的工作人员共211名作为研究对象,收集其2017年个人外照射剂量和2018年初在岗期间的职业健康检查资料。按工种将研究对象分成X射线影像诊断组(104人)和介入放射学组(107人),采用独立样本t检验对两组人群血常规及血生化指标进行比较,采用线性回归模型分析辐射暴露剂量和血常规及生化指标的关系。结果介入放射学组个人年剂量均值[(0.16±0.21)mSv]高于X射线影像诊断组[(0.09±0.07)mSv](P<0.01),介入放射学组的肌酐(Cr)值[(81.00±15.43)μmol/L]高于X射线影像组[(73.18±13.31)μmol/L](P<0.05),其他血液指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多元线性回归分析发现年剂量每增加1个单位,研究对象中淋巴细胞(LYM)计数降低0.73个单位(P<0.05)。未发现血常规和血生化其他指标与年剂量存在关联关系。结论低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞计数、Cr值存在一定影响。

Objective To investigate the effect of low-dose ionizing radiation on blood indexes of radiation staff.Methods A total of 211 radiation staff with radiological diagnosis and interventional radiology in a hospital in Wuhan were investigated.Their annual personal doses for radiation in 2017 and occupational health examination data in the early 2018 were collected.According to the types of work,the subjects were divided into radiological diagnosis group(n=104)and interventional radiology group(n=107).Two independent samples t test were used to compare the blood routine and blood biochemical indexes of these two groups,and the linear regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the exposure dose and blood routine and biochemical indicators.Results The mean dose of individual dose[(0.16±0.21)mSv]in the interventional radiology group was significantly higher than that in the radiological diagnosis group[(0.09±0.07)mSv],and the creatinine(Cr)value in the interventional radiology group[(81.00±15.43)μmol/L]was higher than that in the radiological diagnosis group[(73.18±13.31)μmol/L](P<0.05).However,the differences of other blood indicators were not statistically significant.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of lymphocyte decreased by 0.73 units(P<0.05)for each unit increase in annual dose.No correlation was found between blood routine test and other biochemical indexes and annual dose.Conclusions The radiation exposure dose and blood creatinine level of interventional radiation staff were higher than those of radiologists.Low-dose ionizing radiation may have negative effect on blood routine lymphocyte parameters.