论劳动的育人价值及其实现条件

On the Educational Value of Labor Education and Its Realizing Conditions

劳动具有育人价值是现代劳动教育的理论命题之一。然而,现代劳动教育理论对这个命题的探讨忽略了一个根本性的前提问题,即劳动育人价值之实现是有其限制条件的。从理论的视角看,劳动育人价值之实现,是以“真正自由的劳动”为逻辑前提,异化劳动因其强制性、外在性和非人性并不具有育人价值;从实践的角度看,由于劳动具有教育上中立的特征,因而劳动育人价值又是以发挥劳动的教育力量为其现实条件,而劳动的实现方式亦即劳动教育的展开方式决定着劳动的教育力量之发挥。为了充分发挥劳动的育人价值,学校需要采取一种劳动的教育学视角,通过组织化的劳动、与全面发展教育相结合的劳动、创造性的劳动以及多方合作劳动来开展劳动教育。

Labor has educational value,which is one of the theoretical propositions of modern labor education.However,the modern labor education theory ignores a fundamental prerequisite problem:that is,the realization of labor education value has its conditions.From a theoretical perspective,the realization of the labor education value is based on true and free labor.Alienated labor does not have educational value due to its coerciveness,externality,and inhumanity.From a practical perspective,the value of labor education is based on the actual condition of exerting the educational power of labor due to its educational neutrality.The actual way of labor,that is,the way in which labor education is deployed determines the exertion of the educational power of labor.In order to give full play to the educational value of labor,schools need to adopt a labor pedagogy perspective,and carry out labor education through organized labor combined with comprehensive development education,creative labor,and multi-party cooperative labor.