稀释性低钠血症发病机制及其治疗策略的研究进展

Pathogenesis of Diluted Hyponatremia and Therapeutic Strategy

水电解质紊乱高发于住院患者、老年患者以及长期使用利尿药的患者,其中低钠血症是最常见的电解质紊乱,占住院患者的15%~30%。低钠血症患者愈后较差、死亡率高。该文旨在通过对肝硬化、抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征、心力衰竭伴随的稀释性低钠血症发病机制以及临床治疗方案进行综述,理清对稀释性低钠血症病因及治疗方案的认识,为治疗稀释性低钠血症和研发新型利尿药提供更好的思路。

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disturbance encountered in clinical practice,occurring in approximately 15%~30%of hospitalized patients.Hyponatremia carries a poor prognosis,being associated with significant mortality and morbidity.This review aims to be insight into diluted hyponatremia,lay theoretical foundation for the treatment,and provide supports for the discovery of new types of diuretics by sorting out and discussing the pathogenesis and management of diluted hyponatremia in cirrhosis,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and heart failure.