青稞新品种冬青19号的选育及栽培技术

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of New Barley Variety‘Dongqing 19’

冬青19号是西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所以冬青2号为母本、Torig作父母本通过品种间杂交选育而成。在连续几年的单珠选择,于2004年稳定出圃,并经过品观、品比试验,2011年升入全区区域试验,2013年开始示范。2008-2010年的品比试验中产量分别451.6、425.0、440.0 kg/667m^2,2年居第一,一年居第三。该品种在2011、2012连续两年的全区区域试验种产量370 kg/667m^2,比对照增产16.5%以上,通过全区区域试验定位全区示范品种。2013年开始在山南、林芝、拉萨等地的6个点进行示范,2013和2014年,2年共示范2.67 hm^2,在连续两年的全区生产示范中产量350.3 kg/667m^2,比对照增产12.8%,2014年通过全区示范,该品种2016年通过自治区品种审定委员会审定通过。主要特点是高产稳产、茎秆弹性强。属于粮草兼顾型品种,而且抗细菌性条斑病和锈病。栽培技术要点为合理密植,适时播种,施足基肥,加强越冬和返青期的管理,适量追肥。

New winter barley cultivar‘Dongqing 19’was developed in 2004 after 7 years of single-plant selection by crossing‘dongqing 2/Torig’.‘Dongqing 19’test in different regions in 2011 after observation and comparison test.The yield were 30.11,28.33 and 29.33 kg/ha,respectively during 2008-2010 comparison test.‘Dongqing 19’yield was 24.67 kg/hm^2 in wo years regional test,and higher than the CK by 16.5%.Production demonstration during 2013-2014 in 6 different regions and average yield per hectare was 23.35 kg/hm^2,and higher than the CK by 12.8%.The cultivar was approved by the Autonomous Region Variety Examination Committee in 2016.The main characteristics of this variety were high and stable yield and strong stem elasticity.‘Dongqing 19’was resistant to bacterial stripe and rust.The key points of cultivation techniques were reasonable dense planting,timely sowing,applying sufficient base fertilizer,strengthening the management of overwintering and returning to the green season and appropriate amount of top dressing.