陕西省小麦主产区麦田杂草发生及危害情况调查

Investigation on the occurrence and damage of weed in the main wheat production area of Shaanxi Province

采取倒置W 9点取样法对陕西省小麦主产区的麦田杂草进行了调查,明确了主产区麦田杂草的发生种类及优势杂草的危害趋势。调查到麦田杂草共49种,隶属于21科。其中,禾本科杂草占30%,阔叶杂草占70%。优势杂草有节节麦、多花黑麦草、野燕麦、看麦娘、鬼蜡烛、播娘蒿、猪殃殃、婆婆纳、蓟、荠等10种。禾本科杂草占生长优势,阔叶类杂草占数量优势。节节麦近年来危害迅速加大,成为麦田恶性禾本科杂草。阔叶杂草对常年使用的苯磺隆等药剂已经产生抗药性,防控效果降低。

To clarify the species composition and damage of weed in the main wheat production area of Shaanxi Province,we conducted field surveys by using the 9-point sampling method. There were 49 species of weed recorded in the wheat field, that belong to 21 families, of which 30% were grassy weeds and 70% were broadleaf weeds. Aegilops tauschii, Lolium multiflorum, Avena fatua, Alopecurus aequalis, Phleum paniculatum, Descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris,Cephalanoplos segetum, and Galium aparine were the dominant weeds. Grassy weeds were dominant in growth and broadleaf weeds were dominant in quantity. In recent years, Aegilops tauschii increased rapidly and became devastating in the wheat field. Broadleaf weeds had developed resistance to tribenuron-methyl and the control effect is reduced.