臭氧处理对丁香鱼干品质特性的影响

Effects of ozone treatment on quality characteristics of dried Engraulis japonicas

以丁香鱼干为对象,以菌落总数、挥发性盐基氮、脂肪氧化、色差、微观结构、挥发性风味物和感官评分等为指标,探究了不同浓度臭氧处理对鱼干品质特性的影响。结果表明:臭氧质量浓度≥500 mg/m^3时具有明显的减菌和抑制TVB-N生成的作用,且与浓度成正相关,而低质量浓度(250 mg/m^3)臭氧处理作用效果不显著(P>0.05)。同时,各质量浓度(250~1500 mg/m^3)臭氧处理都会引起鱼干的POV值、TBARS值、b*值增加,表明臭氧处理会加速鱼干的脂氧化。微观结构的SEM分析表明:臭氧处理也会引起肌肉纤维断裂,且高质量浓度臭氧(1000,1500 mg/m^3)对肌纤维破坏尤为严重,造成了明显的品质下降。MMSE-GC-MS分析显示:鱼干中挥发性风味物质含量随处理的臭氧浓度的升高而增加,其中以醛类和醇类为主。感官评价得分随着处理的臭氧浓度的升高而降低。因此,基于臭氧减菌效果和对品质劣化影响的综合分析,选择500 mg/m^3作为丁香鱼干的最佳臭氧处理质量浓度。研究结果为臭氧在丁香鱼干加工贮藏中的应用提供理论依据。

In this study,the effects of concentrations of ozone on several quality characteristics of dried Engraulis japonicas were investigated,which included total plate count(TPC),TVB-N,degree of lipid oxidation,color difference,microstructure,volatile flavor compounds and sensory evaluation and so on.The results showed that,when the concentration of ozone was not less than 500 mg/m^3,the reduce of TPC and inhibition of TVB-N production were significant and had positive correlation with the concentration.However,the effects of ozone treatment with low concentration(250 mg/m^3)was not obvious(P>0.05).When the concentration of ozone was in the range of 500~1500 mg/m^3,the POV,TBARS and b*values of the dried Engraulis japonicas all showed some increase,indicating that ozone treatment could accelerate the lipid oxidation.SEM analysis showed that ozone treatment could also cause muscle fiber breaking and quality decline,which became more severe when the ozone concentration was at 1000 mg/m^3 or 1500 mg/m^3.MMSE-GC-MS analysis showed that the content of volatile flavor compounds in the dried Engraulis japonicas,which were mainly aldehydes and alcohols,increased with the concentration of ozone.Score of the sensory evaluation decreased with the increase of ozone concentration.Therefore,based on the above comprehensive analysis,an optimum ozone concentration of 500 mg/m^3 was selected for the treatment of the dried Engraulis japonicas.This study can provide theoretical support for the application of ozone in processing and storage of dried Engraulis japonicas.