玉米秸秆碳气凝胶材料的制备及吸附性能研究

Preparation of Carbon Aerogel From Corn Straw and Its Adsorption Properties

本论文以新鲜玉米秸秆为碳源,通过水热处理+冷冻干燥法制备了一种新型碳气凝胶材料。采用FTIR和SEM等技术对碳气凝胶的表面化学基团、形貌结构进行了表征。考察了玉米秸秆碳气凝胶材料对罗丹明B和孔雀石绿模拟染料废水的吸附性能。实验结果表明,玉米秸秆碳气凝胶最佳制备条件:温度190℃,时长10h。常温条件时,在罗丹明B或孔雀石绿模拟废水(初始浓度均为10mg/L,初始废水pH为染料废水的自然酸碱度)中加入碳气凝胶(加入量为0.5g/L),经过1h恒温震荡吸附后,所制备的玉米秸秆碳气凝胶对孔雀石绿的去除率为93.3%,对罗丹明B的去除率为62.1%。循环使用6次到10次,对废水中染料的脱除率略有降低。

The carbon aerogel was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment and freeze-drying method using corn straw as carbon source and characterized by FTIR and SEM.The adsorption capabilities of carbon aerogel to Rhodamine B and malachite green in the simulated wastewater were studied.The experimental results show that the optimum preparation conditions of corn straw carbon aerogels are:190℃,10h.Under the conditions of Rhodamine B or malachite green mass concentration 10 mg/L,carbon aerogel dosage 0.5 g/L,room temperature,nature pH and adsorption time 1h,the removal rates of Rhodamine B and malachite green are93.3%and 62.1%,respectively;After 6-10 times of reuse,the removal rate of Rhodamine B and malachite green are decreased slightly.