现代性悲剧《达洛卫夫人》中的乌托邦叙事

The Utopian Narrative in the Modernity Tragedy Mrs.Dalloway

现代小说《达洛卫夫人》作为叙事类型,是乌托邦叙事对现代性中无可避免的悲剧的改写。现代性被理解为叙事类型,有总体性的特征,且这种总体性中隐含着乌托邦的冲动。但现代性的乌托邦把未来的维度排斥在外,是虚假的乌托邦。《达洛卫夫人》中的乌托邦叙事是意识形态支配下生活的“事实”被加以重构,进行欲望的满足,象征性地再现“真实”的过程,隐含着对总体性的向往。但这种现代性的乌托邦叙事只是一种愿望的满足,过去的客观真实性必将随着未来的到来而瓦解,排斥未来维度的现代性的“乌托邦”的悲剧正是根植于这样一种虚假的乌托邦幻想之中。

As a narrative type,the modern fiction Mrs.Dalloway is a utopian narrative rewriting of inevitable tragedy in modernity.Modernity is understood as a narrative type with the characteristic of totality,which implies a utopian impulse.But the modern utopia excludes the dimension of the future,which is an illusory utopia.The utopian narrative in Mrs.Dalloway is the process of reconstructing the“facts”of life dominated by ideology,satisfying desires,and symbolically reappearing“truth”,which implies a yearning for totality.However,this modern utopian narrative is just a kind of satisfaction of desire.The objective authenticity of the past will inevitably collapse with the arrival of the future.The tragedy of the“utopia”that rejects the modernity of the future dimension is rooted in such a falsehood of utopian fantasy.