小肠细菌过度生长诊断和治疗研究进展

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

小肠细菌过度生长(small intestinal bacterial overgrowth,SIBO)是由多种因素引起的小肠内细菌的数量和/或种类发生变化而表现为营养吸收不良、腹泻、腹胀及小肠动力异常等症状的临床综合征。近端小肠抽吸液培养法被认为是诊断SIBO的金标准,而呼气试验因其安全、无创性被广泛应用于临床,但有效性不断受到质疑。气敏胶囊技术和高通量测序技术的发展为检测SIBO提供了新方法。此外,SIBO临床症状的非特异性及诊断标准的不统一,使SIBO的治疗存在挑战。鉴于此,本文对SIBO的诊断和治疗方面的研究进展作一综述。

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO)is a clinical syndrome in which the number and/or type of bacteria in the small intestine changes due to various factors and manifests as symptoms of malnutrition,diarrhea,bloating,and small bowel motility.The proximal small intestinal aspiration culture method is considered to be the gold standard for diagnosis of SIBO,and the breath test is widely used clinically because of its safety and non-invasiveness,but it is constantly being questioned.The development of gas-sensitive capsules and high-throughput sequencing technology have provided new means to detect SIBO.In addition,the non-specific clinical symptoms and inconsistent diagnostic criteria of SIBO make SIBO treatment challenging.In view of this,this article reviewed the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of SIBO.