植物气孔与角质层蜡质响应非生物胁迫的研究进展

Research Progress of Plant Stomata and Cuticular Wax in Response to Abiotic Stress

干旱、土壤盐渍化和极端高温等已成为世界性难题,对植物生长、农业生产和粮食安全产生了巨大的影响。控制植物水分散失是减轻非生物胁迫对植物的伤害以及提高其抗逆能力的主要途径之一。植物的气孔和角质层蜡质作为植物与外界环境相接触的第一临界面,在控制水分散失和保持体内外水分平衡方面具有重要的作用。综述了植物气孔和角质层蜡质在干旱、盐、高温以及其他非生物胁迫下的生理响应,并概述了气孔与角质层蜡质之间的关系,同时也指出了未来需要研究的重点和方向。

Drought,soil salinization,and extreme high temperatures have become worldwide problems,which have an enormous impact on plant growth,agricultural productivity and food security.Limiting water loss is one of the key ways to alleviate damage to plant from abiotic stress and increase plant stress resistance.Plant stomata and cuticular wax,as the first interface between plants and environment,play important role in maintaining water balance and resisting abiotic stresses.We reviewed the physiological responses of plant stomata and cuticular wax to drought,salt,high temperature and other abiotic stresses,and summarized the relationship between stomata and cuticular wax,in order to indicate the direction of future efforts.