不同硅肥用量与栽插苗数对水稻生长发育和产量的影响

Effects of Different Silicon Fertilizer Application Rates and Transplanting Seedling Number on Growth and Yield of Rice

以优质水稻品种粤禾丝苗为供试材料进行田间试验,设置4个硅肥用量(0、90、180、270 kg/hm^2)处理和4个栽插苗数(每穴2、4、6、8苗)处理,通过分析株高、茎秆强度、干物质积累量和产量等因素,研究不同硅肥施量和插秧苗数配置对水稻生长发育和产量的影响。结果表明,施用硅肥处理水稻各指标测定结果比未施硅肥处理高,而且不同硅肥施用量和栽插苗数对水稻生长影响不同。水稻栽插苗数对水稻农艺性状有一定的影响,其中株高和茎、叶干物质量以插秧6苗处理最高,穗干物质量以插秧4苗处理最高;水稻茎秆强度在不同生育期表现不同,均在插秧2苗处理时最高。从水稻产量指标的研究结果发现,270 kg/hm^2的高肥处理产量最高,表明硅肥能够促进植株营养物质的吸收与转化,进而提高水稻产量。从产量构成因素来看,每穗总粒数、千粒重和结实率与产量表现相似,且不同施肥量与栽插苗数对每穗总粒数和千粒重影响较小。

The high-quality rice variety Yuehesimiao seedlings was used as the test material for field trials,with 4 silicon fertilizer dosages(0,90,180,270 kg/hm^2)treatment and 4 planting seedlings(2,4,6,8 seedlings per hole)treatment.By analyzing the factors such as plant height,stem strength,dry matter accumulation and yield,the effects of silicon fertilizer application rates and transplanting seedling number on rice growth and yield were studied.The results showed that the application of silicon fertilizer was higher than no silicon fertilizer in the determination results of rice indexes,and the effects of different silicon fertilizer application and transplanting seedling number on rice growth were different.The number of transplanted rice seedlings had a certain effect on the agronomic traits of rice.Among them,the plant height and stem and leaf dry matter quality were highest in the 6-transplant seedling treatment,and the panicle dry matter quality was the highest in the 4-transplant seedling treatment;the rice stalk strength was different in different growth stages,and the highest was in 2-transplant seedling treatment.The results of rice yield index showed that the yield of 270 kg/hm^2 high-fertilization treatment was the highest,which indicated that silicon fertilizer could promote the absorption and transformation of plant nutrients,and then improve rice yield.From the perspective of yield components,total grain number per panicle,1000-grain weight and seed setting rates were similar to the yield,and the different fertilization rates and the number of transplanted seedlings had little effect on the total grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight.