进境东盟水果货物携带细菌病害截获疫情分析

Analysis of Bacteria Disease Information Intercepted from Fruits of Association of Southeast Asian Nations

2011—2015年,全国各检验检疫口岸累计从东盟截获细菌745种次,其中包含货检336种次,旅检406种次,邮检3种次。分析了其中的货检货物携带细菌病害截获疫情,结果表明,疫情较为严重的年份为2015、2012和2011年,分别占36.61%、34.22%、16.07%。深圳口岸截获的细菌占全国总检出种次的95.83%;截获较多的种类有肠杆菌属((Enterobacter sp.),占50.89%)、芽孢杆菌属((Bacillus sp.),占27.68%)和金黄杆菌属((Chryseobacterium sp.),占11.31%),截获的检疫性细菌仅有1种次(芒果黑斑病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.mangiferaeindicae))。从来源国来看,来源于泰国和越南的水果截获种次居前位,其中以泰国榴莲和越南火龙果检出的细菌种次最多,均占总检出种次的40%。从水果种类来看,细菌疫情较为严重的水果有火龙果、榴莲和龙眼等;芒果中检出的细菌最少,仅占总检出种次的0.29%。总体各口岸细菌检出率较低,特别是检疫性的细菌病害截获仅有一次,相关口岸的细菌检测能力亟待加强。

All data of bacteria diseases intercepted at China's imports in ASEAN fruit from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed in this paper.The results showed that bacterial epidemic from the ASEAN fruit was far less than the fungi.More bacteria(accounted for 36.61%)were intercepted in 2015 than 2012(34.22%)and 2011(16.07%).More kinds of bacteria from fruit were intercepted in Thailand and Vietnam,more times of bacteria were intercepted from Thailand,Singapore and Vietnam.Most(95.83%)of intercepted number of bacteria came from Shenzhen Inspection and Quarantine Bureau.Main bacterial species intercepted were Enterobacter sp.(50.89%),Bacillus sp.(27.68%)and Chryseobacterium sp.(11.31%).Quarantine bacteria was Xanthomonas campestris pv.mangiferaeindicae in mango,with a total of 1 times.