汉中市食源性沙门菌的分布及耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance of food-borne Salmonella in Hanzhong

目的了解汉中地区食源性沙门菌的分布、耐药性及感染同源性特点。方法选取2018年汉中市3家食源性疾病监测哨点医院因食源性疾病引起腹泻且粪便样本中分离出沙门菌的患者,对其性别、年龄、感染血清型及沙门菌耐药性进行统计分析,采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)进行同源性分析。结果食源性沙门菌主要感染人群为婴幼儿和儿童(77.3%),其次为65岁以上人群(18.9%),65岁以下的成年人仅占3.8%。共分离出53株沙门菌,包括7个血清型,居前3位的分别为鼠伤寒沙门菌(26株)、肠炎沙门菌(13株)和斯坦利沙门菌(6株)。沙门菌对碳青酶烯类和氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药率均<10%,对氨基糖苷类和头孢类抗菌药物的耐药率为10%~30%,对哌拉西林、四环素和氨苄西林的耐药率分别为97.74%、65.81%和55.03%;肠炎沙门菌对四环素的耐药率仅为7.70%。对分离的肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌进行分型和聚类分析发现,相似性100%的PFGE指纹谱带型的鼠伤寒沙门菌只有3组,每组2株菌;肠炎沙门菌有3组,其中1组有7株菌,另外2组均为2株菌。结论汉中地区食源性沙门菌主要感染人群为婴幼儿及儿童,以鼠伤寒沙门菌感染最常见。食源性沙门菌对哌拉西林、四环素和氨苄西林的耐药率较高。肠炎沙门菌感染具有一定同源性。

Objective To study the distribution,drug resistance and homology of food-borne Salmonella in Hanzhong.Methods From January 2018 to December 2018,the isolates of Salmonella were isolated from feces of patients with diarrhea caused by food-borne diseases diagnosed in 3 sentinel hospitals of Hanzhong.The sex,age,serotype and drug resistance of Salmonella were analyzed.Pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)was used for homology analysis.Results Babies,infants and children accounted for 77.3%of the total population,elders>65 years old accounted for 18.9%of the total population,and adults<65 years old accounted for 3.8%.A total of 53 isolates were isolated,including 7 serotypes.Salmonella typhimurium(26 isolates),Salmonella enteritidis(13 isolates)and Salmonella stanley(6 isolates)were the top 3 Salmonella serotypes.The drug resistance rates of Salmonella to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones were<10%.The drug resistance rates of Salmonella to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins were 10%-30%.The drug resistance rates of Salmonella to piperacillin,tetracycline and ampicillin were 97.74%,65.81%and 55.03%,respectively.However,the drug resistance rate of Salmonella enteritidis to tetracycline was only 7.70%.PFGE was used to classify and cluster Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium.There were 3 groups of Salmonella typhimurium with 100%similarity in PFGE fingerprint pattern,and 2 isolates in each group.There were 3 groups of Salmonella enteritidis,of which the most had 7 isolates,and the rest had 2 isolates.Conclusions Food-borne Salmonella infection is common in infants and children in Hanzhong,especially for Salmonella typhimurium.Food-borne Salmonella has a high drug resistance rate to piperacillin,tetracycline and ampicillin.Salmonella enteritidis infection has certain homology.