直驱风力发电机轴与轴套纯过盈配合校核计算方法

Method for Checking and Calculating the Pure Interference Fit of Shaft and Sleeve for Direct Driven Wind Turbines

纯过盈配合是直驱风力发电机轴与轴套连接的一种常见形式,能够满足结构耐振、耐不均匀冲击和苛刻尺寸等要求,轴与轴套的配合公差是反映过盈量精准度的关键。提出一种传统经验法与有限元仿真相结合的过盈配合校核计算思路:首先,计算轴与轴套配合面传递荷载所需的过盈量,初步确定轴与轴套的配合公差;其次,校核配合公差达到最大过盈量时,轴与轴套配合面是否产生塑性变形;最后,基于ANSYS Workbench,进行有限元分析,在多种工况下对配合公差进行校核计算,并根据总体变形和综合应力仿真结果对配合公差进行修正。设计、生产的首批样机已经通过型式试验,与纯过盈配合相关的各项机械性能指标满足设计要求,且装机运行后保持运行状态良好,验证了该方法的准确性、实用性和可靠性。

Pure interference fit is a common form of shaft and sleeve connection in the direct driven wind turbine,which can meet the requirements including structural vibration resistance,uneven impact resistance and harsh size.The fit tolerance of shaft and sleeve is the key to reflect the accuracy of interference.To put forward a method of interference fit checking and calculation based on the traditional empirical method and finite element simulation:firstly,calculate the interference amount required by the fitting surface of shaft and sleeve to transfer the load,and preliminarily determine the fit tolerance of shaft and sleeve;secondly,check whether the fitting surface of shaft and sleeve will produce plastic deformation when the fit tolerance reaches the maximum interference;finally,based on ANSYS Workbench,carry out finite element analysis,check and calculate the fit tolerance under various working conditions,and modify the fit tolerance according to the simulation results of total deformation and equivalent stress.The first batch of prototypes designed and produced has passed the type test,and the mechanical performance indexes related to the pure interference fit meet the design requirements.After the installation of the machine,it has been running at a favorable status,which has proved the accuracy,practicability and reliability of the method.