大型氦低温制冷机研制进展

Development of Large Helium Cryo-plants

大型氦低温制冷设备是前沿科技研究、高技术应用等领域必需的支撑装备。中国科学院理化技术研究所在国家重大科研装备研制专项的支持下,先后开展了20 K、4.5 K、2.0 K大型制冷机的研制工作,突破了高速氦透平膨胀机稳定性、超低漏率铝板翅式换热器设计制造、高精滤油系统设计等关键技术,成功研制出2 kW@20 K氦制冷机、10 kW@20 K氦制冷机、40 L/h氦液化器、250 W@4.5 K氦制冷机、200 W@4.5 K氦制冷机等系列化的大型氦低温制冷设备。目前,2.5 kW@4.5 K/500 W@2 K氦制冷机的研制工作已接近尾声:已在4 K系统获得4.5 K下2.716 kW的制冷量,在2 K系统获得1.9 K下510.6 W的制冷量,系统的稳定性考核正在进行中。未来还将开展4.5 K万瓦级超大型制冷机的研制工作。

Large scale helium cryo-plant is the necessary support equipment in the fields of cutting-edge scientific research and high-tech application.With the support of the national major scientific research equipment development project,TIPC has successively carried out the research and development of 20 K,4.5 K and 2.0 K large-scale cryo-pants,breaking through the key technologies such as the stability of high-speed helium turbine expanders,the design and manufacture of ultra-low leakage aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers,the design of high-precision oil filtering system,and successfully developed 2 kW@20 K helium cryo-plant,10 kW@20 K helium cryo-plant,40 L/h helium liquefiers,250 W@4.5 K helium cryo-plant,200 W@4.5 K helium cryo-pant,etc.At present,the development of 2.5 kW@4.5K/500 W@2 K helium cryo-plant is close to the end.The cooling capacity of 2.716 kW@4.5 K and 510.6 W@4.5 K have been obtained,the stability test of the system is in progress.In the future,the research and development of several tens of 4.5K class super large cryo-plant will be carried out.