基于ERA5的黄渤海附近海域波浪能资源时空特征分析

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVE ENERGY RESOURCES IN THE YELLOW SEA AND BOHAI SEA USING ERA5 DATASETS

波浪能资源是一种重要的海洋可再生能源,开发利用波浪能资源可以有效的缓解常规能源短缺问题带来的能源问题以及环境污染问题。对波浪能资源进行科学评估是进行海洋能资源利用的前提条件,本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting,ECMWF)第五代再分析数据集(ECMWF Reanalysis v5 ERA5),采用新的波浪能评估公式,对黄渤海海域1980—2018年间波浪能资源展开评估,主要计算指标包括波浪能可开发量频率、富集量频率、变异系数以及可利用波高占比等,结果显示:黄渤海区波浪能资源具有明显的季节性,秋冬季节较高,春夏季节较低,冬季是波浪能资源开发的最佳季节;波浪能富集区域主要集中在渤海海峡外侧、成山头东部以及长江口外海区域。在此基础上确定了波浪能资源的重点开发利用区,为后续的波浪能开发提供参考。

Wave energy is an important marine renewable energy,the development and utilization of wave energy can effectively alleviate the energy problems caused by the shortage of conventional energy and environmental pollution.Scientific evaluation of wave energy resources is the prerequisite for the utilization of ocean energy resources.The wave energy resources in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea during the period of 1980—2018 were assessed based on the latest ERA5 data of ECMWF using the new wave energy evaluation formula.The main calculation indexes include power density,usable level frequency,rich level frequency,the coefficient of variation,and the proportion of available wave height,etc.Results show that the wave energy resources in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea have obvious seasonal feature and the resources are richer in winter and autumn and poorer in spring and summer.Winter is the best season for wave energy resource development.The wave energy enrichment areas are mainly concentrated in the outer part of the Bohai Strait,the eastern part of Chengshantou and the offshore area of the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary.On this basis,the key development and utilization areas of wave energy resources were determined,and these data provide reference points for wave energy resource exploitation.