中国南海四种凯伦藻种间作用与溶血活性初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON INTERSPECIFIC RELATIONSHIP AND HEMOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF FOUR KARENIA SPECIES FROM SOUTH CHINA SEA

凯伦藻属种类广布于世界沿海海域甚至大洋,属广域分布种。该属下多个种类曾在全球近岸海域暴发有毒有害赤潮,造成巨大的经济损失,其中不乏由多种凯伦藻同时混合形成赤潮的现象存在。在2016年香港海域的一次凯伦藻赤潮中,本团队从赤潮海水中分离出了米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)、长沟凯伦藻(K.longicanalis)、鞍形凯伦藻(K.selliformis)和蝶形凯伦藻(K.papilionacea)4种凯伦藻。本研究以此4种凯伦藻进行单种藻及多种藻混合样品的培养和溶血活性研究,以探究复合型凯伦藻的种间作用及溶血活性。结果表明,4种凯伦藻间存在种间相互作用,长沟凯伦藻会促进蝶形凯伦藻的生长,鞍形凯伦藻和米氏凯伦藻会抑制长沟凯伦藻生长。4种凯伦藻对兔血红细胞均有明显溶血活性,长沟凯伦藻溶血活性最强为46.36%±1.02%。每种凯伦藻与其他凯伦藻混合培养3天后,对兔血的溶血活性会明显增加,其中含4种凯伦藻的混合组溶血活性最高,为57.05%±1.13%。

Karenia species are widely distributed in the coastal waters around the world,and are notorious for forming harmful algae blooms.In generally,the Karenia algae bloom isn’t caused by mono-species but the simultaneous mixing of multi-species in the same family.In China coastal waters,we observed a multi-species bloom involving four Karenia species(K.mikimotoi,K.selliformis,K.papilionacae,and K.longicanalis)in 2016,in Hong Kong coastal area.Therefore,we conducted co-culture experiment on the four Karenia species in different combinations(two species,three species or four species)in laboratory,to investigate their interspecific-relationship and hemolytic activities.The results show that the four Karenia species significantly affected each other in the co-culture.K.longicanalis promoted the growth of K.papilionacea,and K.selliformis and K.mikimotoi inhibited the growth of K.longicanalis.The four Karenia species had significant hemolytic effects on rabbit red blood cells,and the most significant hemolytic activity was produced by Karenia longicanalis with a value of 46.36%±1.02%.After co-culture for three days,the hemolytic effects of all combination groups increased,and co-culture of the four species yielded the highest hemolytic effects with a value of 57.05%±1.13%.