道德风险:逻辑困境、心态危机及伦理矫正

Moral Hazard:Logical Dilemma,Psychological Crisis and Ethical Correction

道德风险是主体行动的道德不定性及社会后果的不定性,包括道德滞后或超前的风险和个体道德表达不确定的风险。道德风险所带来的道德沦丧与社会矛盾来源于文化相对主义、伦理相对主义、价值相对主义对道德世界的侵扰,以及犬儒心态、冷漠心态、怨恨心态对至善世界的颠倒。重估与化解道德风险,不仅是评估道德现状、理解道德问题、重构道德体系的重要依据,更是推进道德建设、深化改革发展、促进社会和谐、实现国家善治的内在要求。捍卫与守护善德、规避由道德风险带来的社会异化与人性恶化,需要重塑道德理性、凝聚道德共识、构建道德共同体。

Moral hazard is the moral uncertainty of the subject’s actions and the uncertainty of social consequences.Moral hazard results in moral bankruptcy and social contradictions due to the attack of cultural relativism,ethical relativism and value relativism on the moral world,and the negative impact of cynicism,indifference and resentment on the perfect world.Reevaluating and reducing moral hazard is not only an important basis for evaluating the current moral situation,understanding moral problems and reconstructing the moral system,but also the need for promoting moral construction,deepening the reform and development,promoting social harmony and realizing good governance in the country.To defend and protect good morality and avoid social alienation and deterioration of human nature brought about by moral hazard,it is necessary to reshape moral rationality,unite moral consensus and build a moral community.