基于区块链的高校联盟学分管理系统研究

Research on University Alliance Credit Management System Based on Blockchain

促进高校联盟主体间信任是区块链在高等教育领域应用热点。以EduCTX项目为例,阐述基于区块链的跨校学分管理系统业务模型、技术模型,总结优缺点与面临的挑战。EduCTX项目以学分登记、跨校转移、证伪为核心业务,以高校、学生、雇主为服务对象,构建以ARK技术、Dpos共识机制、Github开源平台为基础的六层开放联盟式学分管理区块链系统。区块链去中心化特征与高校松散联盟需求相契合,分布式账本增强教育合作的信任感,降低成本。但也存在学分可交易性差,使之很难形成有效激励机制,对高校与学生不可信任的预设有悖于学校立德树人使命,学分记录永久不变不利于实现终身学习等问题。

Promoting inter-institutional trust in university alliances is a hotspot in the application of blockchain in higher education.Taking EduCTX project as a case,the paper analyzes the business model and technology model of the cross-universities credit manage⁃ment system based on blockchain,and summarizes its advantages and challenges.According to the research,EduCTX has formed a business model with student credit registration,cross-universities transfer and falsification as the core business,and universities,stu⁃dents and employers as the service objects.With ARK technology,Dpos consensus mechanism and Github open source platform,the project built a six-layer open alliance blockchain system for credit management.Its decentralized characteristics meet the needs of loose cooperative alliances among universities,and distributed ledgers strengthen the trust of cross-universities education cooperation and reduce the cost.However EduCTX is also faced with the poor tradability of credits representing learning results,which makes it dif⁃ficult to form an effective incentive mechanism.The assumption that universities and students cannot be trusted is contrary to the mis⁃sion of universities to cultivate morality and talents.The permanent credit record is not conducive to students’pursuit of lifelong learn⁃ing.